Introduction
Blood in stool is a medical condition wherein red blood is observed in the feces. It is commonly referred to as melena or hematochezia and is caused by a variety of conditions such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, diverticular disease and colorectal cancer.
Assessment
- Examination: Visible observation of red blood in the stools can be noticed to diagnose this condition.
- Diagnosis Tests: Diagnostic tests such as sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy or fecal occult blood test needs to be conducted to confirm the condition and also rule out other underlying diseases.
Nursing Diagnosis
- Ineffective tissue perfusion: The blood in stool indicates that there is some issue with the tissue perfusion and hence it has to be addressed.
- Pain: Pain and discomfort may be experienced due to the infection.
Outcomes
- Increase of oxygen levels in the bloodstream: Through the nursing care plan, oxygen levels must be increased to effectively reverse the condition.
- Decrease in the presence of blood in stool: The plan should provide strategies which help reduce the bleeding within the affected area and eliminate the root cause.
Interventions
- Medication: Medication such as iron supplement, antidiarrheal medications, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, anti-clotting medication, antispasmodic and pain relievers must be prescribed by the doctor.
- Diet Modification: High-fiber food, adequate fluids, iron and zinc-rich food, probiotics and garlic are to be included in the diet to facilitate speedy recovery.
Rationales
- Medication: These drugs address the underlying cause and stop further bleeding.
- Diet modification: Healthy foods provide the necessary nutrients that promote healing and stimulate the intestinal tract.
Evaluation
The patient must be regularly monitored to check for a decrease in blood in stool, improved texture, less pain and discomfort.
Conclusion
Blood in stool is a medical condition that requires proper care and treatment to address the underlying cause and prevent further damage and life-threatening complications. A timely diagnosis, efficient nursing care plan and regular monitoring along with other health advice by the doctor is important for a successful recovery.
FAQs
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What is the main cause of blood in stool?
The primary cause of blood in stool is tissue damage or irritation in the digestive tract. -
What are the risk factors associated with blood in stool?
Risk factors associated with blood in stool include certain lifestyle habits like smoking, poor nutrition, long-term use of certain medications, drinking alcohol, etc. -
When should I seek medical advice?
If you observe any signs of rectal bleeding, you should immediately seek medical advice from a medical professional. -
What preventive measures can be taken?
One of the best ways to prevent rectal bleeding is to maintain a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking and drinking alcohol. -
What other tests may be performed?
Other medical tests such as digital rectal examination, endoscopy, stool test, and X-ray may be recommended to further evaluate and treat the cause of the condition.